There are plenty of French-sounding place names that are due to francophones, e.g., Vermont was part of New France… but most “ville” suffixed towns have nothing to do with Frsnce, to your point.
In fact I think you’d be hard pressed to find 19th century Americans (or 21st, for that matter) that recognized ville as a particularly French suffix at all.
I think it may have been more deliberately pro-French, since it only started after the Revolutionary War (e.g., Louisville was named for King Louis XVI in 1780 specifically in thanks, which may have created a bit of a template).