I imagine nobody has this data, but presumably the correlation between birth control / women’s empowerment and lower birth rates is because maybe most humans were conceived unintentionally? Like, what’s the moral implications of most people being accidents, is that a massively taboo topic or is it just so uninteresting that nobody talks about it?
Pre 1850s, in most cases, you needed to have lots of offspring regardless of wanting them or not… Mortality was high.
Not sure how it was elsewhere but where I live people usually had more kids because there were no retirement and once your body was weak you needed someone to provide for you. And more children = better chance of providing for their parents.