The cable one is just a regular SATA connector, since SAS HBAs can also control SATA drives (but not vice versa).

I believe the connector you are looking for is called SFF-8482. It is available in backplane and cable versions.

https://www.servethehome.com/sas-sata-cables-guide-sff8087-8088-8470-8482-8484-single-device-connectors/

OP should be looking at backup before considering RAID anyway, because RAID is not backup.

The equivalent of SAS expanders for SATA are called port multipliers, and the JMS562 chip in the picture can act as one (as well as becoming a sort of RAID controller).

Disclaimer: this is not from experience so perhaps someone who do run servers with USB HDDs can comment on long term stability of USB as an interface.

Technically speaking, even USB 3 gen 1 (5Gb/s (gigabits per sec)) is far more than enough to saturate a broadband connection (probably under 1Gb/s). Assuming you’re going to use mechanical HDDs, best case they can transfer around 200MB/s (that’s megabytes per sec)), so no problem there either.

You might want to use external 3.5 inch HDDs as they have separate power supplies (less picky on power supplied from USB) and are much more likely to be CMR (which performs better than SMR, best if you check the specific model’s spec to make sure it is CMR) than 2.5 inch ones.

I think you need to manually adjust the length of the audio stream after you extracted it, they are usually of the common fixed sample rates (like 44.1kHz or 48kHz) and are not tied to the frame rate of the video stream (other than being the same length in time).

For such a small percentage change (a few seconds over something like an hour long) “Change Speed” in an audio editor should be good enough, the shift in pitch should not be noticeable.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkPF8uN0bE8

Is my understanding correct that Youtube only cares about paying the music right holders? (Because those complains the loudest?) That is, if someone creates an AMV by combining audio and visuals from different sources and uploads it to Youtube, Youtube only gives the monetize profit to the song owner, but not the visuals rights owners?

He’s still bitter someone Sponsorblocked his cat segment :-)