These are just examples, I have no opinion on what is the best.
Something like: I like the cameras from the Galaxy s23, the processor from the latest Pixel, the memory from the Razor. I mean whatever. I suppose Iphones could be included, but I figure it’s more locked in than androids, I could be wrong.
Or even replacing a part from one phone with one that’s better, for personal use? Like, even just putting pixel 7 cameras into a pixel 8 phone.
Besides the factory warrenty, and money spent, is it software? Is it having to reconfigure the hardware? Is it just space in general?
If we all have things we don’t like about our phones, why aren’t we able to just make it more to our liking?
Essentially time and cost? Building such a Frankenstein-Phone would probably take you half a year to design the PCBs, get all the connections and power rails right, all the needed peripheral electronics for the chips. Read thousands of pages of datasheets to place the correct capacitors for the oscillator of the … sensor on your mainboard design. (And there are a lot of tiny components in a phone that all work together, in part depend on each other, or require additional control/supply circuits.) You’d need a lab and equipment do build it, and the mechanics and encasing. And probably some takes and failed iterations. And software and drivers also have to be rewritten and patched.
So I’d say if you have the expertise in electrical engineering, hardware design, embedded software programming… A 5 figure(?) sum of money for supplies and equipment and nothing to do in the next year… I’d say nothing is stopping you 😆
Well that seems like more effort than it’s worth… I figured the biggest issue would be fitting it into the phone, but that sounds like least of the worries.
Right. I mean these things are really complex, usually not made to be repaired (i.e. modular) and lots of things are purpuse built to fit in that small form factor. Components are scattered around because there was some space left somewhere on a PCB and some components share a purpose, which makes it difficult to entangle the electronics…
And it’s always difficult to compete with mass-manufactured products. I like to tinker with electronics or build things at home. I learn a lot of things while doing it. And I get things that are unique and built spefically for my purposes… But usually they’re not cheap(er) than mass produced products, because I don’t buy supplies in bulk and it takes me days to build one thing while a production line can pump ot thousands of devices in the same timespan.
And I ocassionally repair (household) devices or just take apart broken ones for shits and giggles… And some of them immediately look like they just aren’t meant to be repaired or modified. Some components like a phone screen, camera or even the backlight or power supply of a broken flat screen TV can be messed with. But it usually ends with complicated PCBs. You can replace broken components (if you got the correct tools), but you can’t really change much about them without going through an laborious process of reverse-engineering and maybe designing a whole new PCB (from scratch). Which makes sense for smaller projects, but it’s just not feasible for complex devices like phones/laptops/TVs that aren’t meant to be repaired. Or where every design choice contradicts serviceability like with phones and cramming everything into the small slab.
There isn’t, like, a standard like there is for PCs. Everything is custom made for that thing except the microchips themselves. And taking those off and just slapping them on a different board isn’t that simple.
I would love it if they were like a PC though. Build my own phone with this screen and that CPU/GPU, configurable RAM, etc. Why they don’t do that, though? Greed.
Packing all tbose differently sized parts into a tiny form factor is very different from comparably spacious computer cases. Then the power usage handling, and wiring, not to mention heat dissipation.
Not impossible, but being modular like that would increase the cost because doing that costs more in the context of a cell phone form factor. Enough that doing several models will keep the price point where people can afford them.
I’d say that I could do it for you, even, given sufficient effort, time and money. However, it would be the size of a shoebox. And don’t you dare open that shoebox or else all the parts are going to come falling out.
The most modular phone right now, which you can open yourself and replace parts with just a screw driver, is the FairPhone. And even that one, you can scavenge parts from older models of the same brand, because the connectors don’t fit. There’s very little space left inside a modern phone.
We should have the right to repair our phones. Imagine if you could never upgrade new parts into your desktop because of a corporation
FairPhone did dip their toes into upgradability with the FP3+ which was basically the same as the FP3 with upgraded camera modules. So people who bought the FP3 were able to buy just the new cameras instead of the whole phone. Unfortunately, the FP4 and FP5 are both again not backwards compatible. Hopefully they start focusing more of maintaining the same design for longer.
Steps are being taken in the right direction. The US has also been making progress, which I’m sure will continue if America doesn’t give up on itself next month.
That said, it’s not nearly enough. As long as the focus is on innovation and growth rather than sustainability, and consumers don’t really give a fuck, it’s going to be difficult to see any change.
But I’m very happy with my Fairphone, and my next laptop will no doubt be a framework. Baby steps.
It’s prohibitively difficult. Like not just hard, but complete redesigns for even fairly small adaptations.
Hardware: The parts just don’t replace each other one for one, and it’s not just where the wires are. Each SOC or component requires a cadre of resistors capacitors, voltages, signal lines that don’t line up well between different products. The boards that these components mount on are many layers thick with wiring hidden in multiple layers. You can’t even just bodge and reroute everything all the time. In many cases the packages wouldn’t even fit in the intended target spot and phones have precious little space to spare. Then for a lot of chips you’ve got thermal considerations.
The 10x camera for an s23 wouldn’t have a chance at fitting in a pixel, the focal lengths are different It literally wouldn’t even fit in the case.
Drivers/software: especially relation to cameras, a lot of third party software can’t even run the full compliment of Samsung cameras. Commands to switch back and forth between lenses aren’t universal. In a lot of cases you can screw around with different camera software and get it to work and make modifications for the cameras to signal when they need changes. But then when you take a s24 which is 64-bit only you can no longer run any of the 32-bit camera software that used to do things like sphere camera. And then even if you did manage to swap sensors out all of the lens correction would be wrong. You’d end up with Chroma and correction issues. The cameras aren’t just giving you what’s off the sensor anymore. A long time ago we used to get big upgrades in picture quality going from one sensor to a new more sensitive sensor, We now do the opposite and use really big sensors that take multiple samples per pixel and we drive those pictures with complicated software or even AI to generate better looking imagery. When all the software and hardwares tuned together to give you a better image and you swap the hardware out it’s a bad thing.
These devices are all very custom they’re very purpose-built around each one of the features and the subcomponents don’t even match up neatly in between different models in the same line. I’m fairly certain you couldn’t even fit an s23u 10x camera into an s24u.
TL;DR it’s essentially as close to impossible as you could make it in just about every way you can imagine.
Imagine you like the shape of the front of a Mini Cooper and the rear of a Ford mustang. You could take the paneling from the interior of a rolls Royce and the seats from a Lamborghini and make a really cool car.
Unfortunately, unlike modern standard PCs, phones are individually designed and built and even models in the same range can’t use each other’s parts or software.
Each component is designed to work with each of the other components and just slapping them together doesn’t necessarily make a new working product.
design compatibility issues and proprietary firmware or software
All of this stuff is usually fit onto a single board, crammed into a very specific amount of space, and is thoroughly and iterated until it works properly. This isn’t the kind of stuff a home lab does, but you could certainly try. I think it would be damn near impossible to do it better and more reliably than teams of hundreds or thousands of various engineers. It’s not like you can just take a phone CPU and slap it on a random board without a ton of forethought.
You won’t have any of the electrical or protocol/register info or other data for any of the components unless you’re a manufacturer and most parts aren’t really salvageable separately but are essentially one big glob on the board. Even with the skills, you’d need to reverse engineer some of the most complex and hard to use components ever manufactured for consumer use and somehow fit them in places they were never meant to fit.
And yes, software. The board support for the SOC, mostly. Maybe starting off with a pinephone or something might help, but I doubt even that is open and usable enough.
There were modular phone projects that were killed by google.
But it’s intentionally hard to do it otherwise, to make more money out of broken phones.
Software.
Modern phone cameras are 99% software at this point. If you took one phones camera and put it onto another phone without adapting the software then the photos will look like ass.
You can’t just unplug something from device X and connect it to device Y. The connectors aren’t standardized. And even if they were they wouldn’t fit because the placement is different. In theory you could take the CPU off of one device and plant it onto another. But have fun with that BGA micro soldering. Plus the connections will be different unless you picked a phone with the exact same CPU. Ram is the only thing you could potentially upgrade. But like good luck.
You’d legitimately have an easier time making a new phone from scratch than trying to piece together 3 different phones.
One time I took apart my Nintendo DS. I broke my Nintendo DS.
Another time I took apart my PS2 controller. I broke my PS2 controller.
Now you want me to scrap parts from a phone, and build from scratch??? Aw hell naw!!!
Really, it stems from having a bunch of old phones, bought outright, sitting around collecting dust. Some are obviously too old to be relevant, but there’s a couple that had some great features that kept degrading with the next iteration. HTC front speakers, galaxy camera, a headphone jack, and an SD card slot.
I used to take apart things like my dads old portable handheld TV, or my walkman, after I broke it, to see if I could fix it. It was hit or miss.I got the TV speakers to work again, but I had to get a new walkman. I drew the line at microwaves. But I see these phone breakdowns videos, and it looks kinda simple. I realize that there’s a ton of things going on beyond my (admittedly low) skill set, but wondered how far beyond. Like, was it something I could learn in a reasonable way, or was it just too much.
Seems like it’s wayyyy, far, over my head.
why aren’t we able to just make it more to our liking?
You are, but you have to figure out how to get it all to work together yourself. That means physically, electrically, and in software. All the things you listed are problems that need to be overcome. If you have the ability, you can do this, but you yourself have to do it or find someone who specializes in such particular work. Most people have neither the skills, time, or patience to do this.
As long as you’re not selling the phone afterwards I’d say the only thing stopping you would be the skill and knowledge required to do such a thing and the necessary tools.
Keep in mind most of the parts you’re talking about are to some extent proprietary and specifically designed not to be cross compatible, so that may be a big hurdle
